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Software Vault: The Gold Collection
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Software Vault - The Gold Collection (American Databankers) (1993).ISO
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CHDK21.DOC
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1993-04-08
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C H D K
Version 2.1
Documentation
CHDK Copyright 1992, 1993 Chang Ping Lee ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
CHDK Copyright 1992, 1993 Chang Ping Lee page 1
Table Of Contents
Disclaimer of warranty. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
License . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2. How to install and run CHDK. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3. How to use CONFIG.DCF. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4. Meaning of some statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
CHDK Copyright 1992, 1993 Chang Ping Lee page 2
DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY
THIS SOFTWARE AND MANUAL ARE SUPPLIED "AS IS." THE AUTHOR HEREBY
DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES RELATING TO THIS SOFTWARE AND ITS
DOCUMENTATION FILE, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
TO DAMAGE TO HARDWARE, SOFTWARE AND/OR DATA FROM USE OF THIS
PRODUCT. IN NO EVENT WILL THE AUTHOR OF THIS SOFTWARE BE LIABLE
TO YOU OR ANY OTHER PARTY FOR ANY DAMAGES. YOUR USE OF THIS
SOFTWARE INDICATES THAT YOU HAVE READ AND AGREE TO THESE AND
OTHER TERMS INCLUDED IN THIS DOCUMENTATION FILE.
DUE TO THE NATURE OF EVOLVING PROGRAMMING AND THE VARIOUS
HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE ENVIRONMENTS IN WHICH THIS SOFTWARE MAY
BE USED, IT IS UNDERSTOOD THAT OCCASIONAL "BUGS" OR UNFITNESS
MAY ARISE. THE USER SHOULD ALWAYS TEST THIS SOFTWARE THOROUGHLY
WITH NON-CRITICAL DATA BEFORE RELYING ON IT.
CHDK Copyright 1992, 1993 Chang Ping Lee page 3
LICENSE
1. In return for the payment of a one time fee, the customer is
granted a non-commercial or commercial license.
2. If the registration is for a non-commercial license the customer
can use the software for personal backup or other usages in which
the customer make no profit and the duplicated diskettes of any
particular source diskette (or image file) are not distributed to
more than ten persons. In addition, the software may not be used in
any business, organization, institution or government agency.
3. If the registration is for a commercial license the customer can
use the software in a business, organization, institution or
government agency, for profit or non-profit purposes. With a
commercial license the customer can distributed the duplicated
diskettes to as many persons as he or she likes
4. The customer may use the product just-like-a-book which means
this software can be used by more than one person and can be moved
from one computer to another so long as there is NO POSSIBILITY of
it being used by two different persons on two different computers
at the same time, just like a book can not be read by two different
persons in two different places at the same time.
5. This software and its documentation and all supplemental files
are property of the author and may not be duplicated for sale to
any third parties without written permission from the author.
6. The customer agrees that this product is protected by United
States copyright law and international copyright treaty provisions.
Purchase of this license does not transfer any right, title or
interest in the product to the customer except as specifically set
forth in this license agreement.
7. The author of this software product reserves the right to
terminate this license upon breach.
CHDK Copyright 1992, 1993 Chang Ping Lee page 4
1. INTRODUCTION:
CHDK (CHeck DisKette) is a utility which gives detailed
information about a diskette. It shows you the information
contained in the system area of the diskette, check the
integrity of the system area, gives you detailed layout of
system area, root directory and data area and then give you a
report of the fragmentation on the diskette.
The program also shows you other important or interesting
information about a diskette. For example, it shows you the
sectors, clusters and tracks with active data, the software who
formatted the diskette, maximum number of root directory entries
All the information is packed in one screen.
CHDK Copyright 1992, 1993 Chang Ping Lee page 5
2. HOW TO INSTALL AND RUN CHDK
Copy the EXE and DOC files to a directory created for DCF and
DUP. Define the PATH in your AUTOEXEC.BAT to include this
directory or the directory of a one-line batch file which
contains the path of CHDK.EXE.
You can specify the floppy drive on the command line. If no
drive is specified, drive A: will be checked.
If you only have one or two floppy drives you can skip the rest
of this section.
In systems with four floppy drives, the device driver is
required to run CHDK. Unlike other programs in the DISKETTE
UTILITY PACKAGE, CHDK relies on the driver to access floppy
disk. The device driver can be firmware on the controller or
in the form of TSR which needs to be installed in memory. Check
the instruction that came with the controller for more
information about the installation of the device driver.
if a device driver which came with the controller is installed
CHDK usually can detect the drive letters automatically and the
drive letters should be used to specify the third and fourth
drives. You can also provide the information on floppy drive
capacity by editing a text file, CONFIG.DCF.
The following is an example of the text file in which a 1.2MB,
a 1.44MB and a 360KB drives are specified as the first, the
second and the third drives with drive letters A: B: and G:,
respectively. The 0 on the last line indicates that the fourth
drive is not installed. If all drives are defined, such as in
the example, CHDK will not check with DOS for drive capacity.
This can speed up the initialization process.
$DRIVE
1 1200 A:
2 1440 B:
3 360 G:
4 0
CHDK Copyright 1992, 1993 Chang Ping Lee page 6
3. CONFIGURATION FILE AND COMMAND LINE ARGUMENTS
If you have read the DOC file of DCF you can skip this section
and continue at section 4.
In a three or four drive system or in case CHDK can not detect
drive capacity, you can specify the information in the
CONFIG.DCF file
$DRIVE : You don't need to provide this information except for
the following two cases. If the program fails to get
the correct drive capacity from your system or if you
want to access four drives without installing the
device driver which came with the controller you can
use this keyword to specify the drive capacity in the
CONFIG.DCF file.
The next few lines contain parameters about diskette
drives in your system. On each line, the first number
specify the drive, 1 for drive A:, 2 for drive B:, 3
and 4 for third and fourth drives in a four drive
system. The second number is the drive capacity in KB.
A drive letter (optional) can be specified at the end.
See section 4 of DCF40F.DOC for details.
CHDK also uses the following options specified on CONFIG.DCF or
the command line.
@file_name specify alternative name for the configuration file.
drive: Specify a floppy drive for checking.
EXAMPLES:
CHDK A: Check drive A:.
CHDK 3: Check the third drive, when device driver is not
installed.
CHDK G: Same as the last example, but in this case the
driver is installed and the drive letters is G.
CHDK Copyright 1992, 1993 Chang Ping Lee page 7
4. MEANING OF SOME STATISTICS
CHDK provides detailed information about a diskette. Some of the
statistics is explained in this section. The numbers of sectors
CHDK shows you start at 0 and end at number of sectors minus
one. For example, 1.2MB disk contains 80 tracks each tracks has
two sides and there are 15 sectors on each side. Therefore, the
total number of sectors is 2400. CHDK uses 0 for the first
sector and 2399 for the last sector.
FAT1 sectors, FAT2 sectors : DOS uses some sectors to store the
File Allocation table which is a linked list for files and
directories. CHDK shows you the directories which contain the
FAT. DOS keeps two copies of FAT and hence CHECK DISKETTE uses
the names FAT1 and FAT2.
Root dir sec : Unlike other sub directories, the sectors which
contain the root directory is determined at the time the disk
was formatted. CHDK shows where they are.
Data sectors : These are sectors for files and sub directories.
Data clusters : Each cluster consists of one (1.2MB & 1.44 MB)
sector or two (360KB & 720KB) sectors. The numbers of clusters
starts at 2 and ends at number of cluster plus one.
System ID : This shows you the software which formatted the
diskette. For example, if you use MS DOS to format the diskette
it will shows MSDOS followed by its version. There are other
softwares which format disk differently from DOS. Usually if
they write the boot sector using their own code they will also
put their names here.
Root entries : Since the sectors for root directories is
determined at the time of formatting, the number of entries that
root directory can hold is predetermined. This shows you what
that number is.
Max. data cluster, sector, track : This shows you the maximum
of data cluster, sector and track numbers which contain active
data. Note that if the track number is 20 then track 0 to track
20 contains active data. The total number of tracks with useful
information is 21 instead of 20.
Table of diskette space allocation : Right before the report of
fragmentation there is a table which shows you the details of
the allocation of space of the diskette. Note that the
percentage is calculated by dividing the number of sectors by
total number of sectors which includes the system area. Other
programs may not take the system area into account.
Fragmentation : If the clusters for storing a file or a sub
directory is not in sequence then the file or the sub directory
is considered fragmented. For example, if a file is stored in
clusters 2, 3, 8 and 10 CHDK will add 2 to the number of
fragmented clusters since there is a gap between cluster 3 and 8
and another gap between cluster 8 and 10. CHDK check every file
and sub directory on the diskette to get the total number of
fragmented clusters.
Also reported is the percentage of fragmentation. Note that
there are different ways for calculating the percentage. On a
testing disk which contains 14 files in 2360 clusters, 5 of the
14 files contains total of 7 fragmented clusters. CHDK reports
0.3% fragmentation while a famous utility reports 36%
fragmentation. CHDK divides the number of fragmented cluster by
the total number of clusters used by directories, files and lost
cluster chains (7 divided by 2360) and get the 0.3% figure. The
other utility divides the number of files with fragmented
clusters by the total number of files (5 divided by 14) and get
the 36% figure. You decide which figure is closer to the truth.